Why was toleration so difficult?

  1. sola scriptura
  2. justification by faith alone
  3. idolatry

Marburg Colloquy, 1529
Martin Luther
Ulrich Zwingli
John Calvin (Geneva)
Transsubstantiation
idolatry
heresy

Coronation Oath
1. Protect subjects in body and property
2. Defend the church and Christian doctrine
tyrant

Huguenot
Calvinism
martyr

regent
Catherine de Medici
Admiral Coligny

Guise (Lorraine, Catholic) Valois (ruling dynasty) Bourbon (peers, Huguenot)
Duke of Guise Henry II (d. 1559) Henry of Navarre
Cardinal of Lorraine Francis II (d. 1560) Duke of Condé
  Charles IX (d. 1574)  
  Henry III (d. 1589)  

French Wars of Religion (1562-1594)
St. Bartholomew's Day massacre (Aug. 24, 1572)
Edict of Nantes, 1598 [sources, #12.4]

tyrannicide
regicide

Germany 1517 95 Theses
  1555 Peace of Augsburg (cuius regio, eius religio)
England   Henry VIII (1509-1547)
Edward VI (1547-1553)
Mary I (1553-1558)
Elizabeth I (1558-1603)
France 1598 Edict of Nantes
Netherlands 1609 independence from Spain
     

Council of Trent (1545-1563)
Ignatius Loyola, Society of Jesus (Jesuits) [sources, #12.2]

Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)
English Civil War (1642-1660)