State Building in the 17c
Building the Territorial Nation-State
Absolutism = money + power
Power = standing army
French Army
1610 | 20,000 soldiers |
1630s (vs. Spain) | 150,000 |
1648 | 400,000 |
Spanish Army
1580s (in Flanders) | 60,000 |
1630s (all of Europe) | 300,000 |
Swedish Army
1632 (invasion of HRE) | 100,000 |
Money
Colonies
Peace of Westphalia (1648)
Münster (Catholics, incl. Habsburgs and France)
Osnabrück (Protestants, incl. Sweden)
underpopulation
New territory
Sweden - Bremen-Verden + Finland, Lapland, Pomerania
France - Rhineland
HRE - Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia
England - United Kingdom of England, Scotland and Ireland (1707)
Methods of Assimilation
St. John Nepomuk, canonized 1729
Jacobite revolts (Scotland < James II)
baroque
France - La Réfuge
1598 - Edict of Nantes
Louis XIV (1643-1715)
dragonnades
1685 - Edict of Fontainebleau (revokes Nantes)
Huguenots
one king, one law, one faith
England
English civil war (1642-1660)
Charles I of England (d. 1649)
absolutism
Parliament
Glorious Revolution (1688)
William of Orange & Mary Stuart
Bill of Rights (1689)